J1939 and NMEA 2000 networks are both based on the same hardware (Controller Area Network (CAN)), and both protocols use the same message format (the messages are actually compatible and can coexist on the same network). The differences between the two networks has to do with addressing. In J1939, manufactures hard code the address for each product connected to the network. Whereas NMEA 2000 products negotiate and resolve their addresses automatically when plugged into a network making NMEA 2000 "plug-and-play" as opposed to J1939 which requires manual intervention whenever a new product is connected to a J1939 network.